Bereshit / In Principio

Bereshit Rabbah

Bereshit Rabbah 3:9 (Vilna numbering)

Datecompilation 400–500PlaceGalilee (Tiberias / Sepphoris)TraditionrabbinicVerseGenesis 1:5
Yom echad / dies unus

English

Rabbi Shmuel bar Ami said: From the beginning of the creation of the world, the Holy One blessed be He desired to enter into a partnership with the creations below. Either way, it [the wording of the verse] is difficult. If it [the counting of the days] was for the purpose of a tally, it should have said: ‘One, two, three,’ or else ‘first, second, third’; is it proper to say: ‘One, second, third?’ This is bewildering. When did the Holy One blessed be He repay them? It was later, at the establishment of the Tabernacle, as it is stated: “The one who presented his offering on the first day” (Numbers 7:12) – [alluding to] the first [day] of the creation of the world. The Holy One blessed be He said: ‘It is as though I created the world on that day.’ It was taught: That day was conferred with ten crowns. It was the first day of the act of Creation; the first day for [years of] kings; the first day for the princes; the first day for the priesthood; the first day for the Divine Presence [on earth], as it is stated: “They shall craft a sanctuary for Me [and I will dwell in their midst]” (Exodus 25:8); the first day for blessing; the first day for sacrificial service; the first day for the prohibition of improvised altars; the first day for slaughtering [sacrifices] in the north; and the first day for descent of fire [from heaven], as it is stated: “Fire emerged from before the Lord…” (Leviticus 9:24).

The Sefaria Midrash Rabbah, 2022 · sefaria-midrash-rabbah

Hebrew / Aramaic

א"ר שמואל בר אמי מתחלת ברייתו של עולם נתאוה הקב"ה לעשות שותפות בתחתונים מה נפשך אם לענין החשבון לא היה צריך למימר אלא אחד שנים שלשה או ראשון שני ושלישי - שמא אחד שני שלישי אתמהא אימתי פרע להם הקדוש ברוך הוא להלן בהקמת המשכן שנאמר (במדבר ז, יב ): "ויהי המקריב ביום הראשון את קרבנו" ראשון לברייתו של עולם אמר הקב"ה כאילו באותו יום בראתי את עולמי תני עשר עטרות נטל אותו היום ראשון למעשה בראשית ראשון למלכים ראשון לנשיאים ראשון לכהונה ראשון לשכינה שנאמר (שמות כה, ח ): "ועשו לי מקדש" ראשון לברכה ראשון לעבודה ראשון לאיסור הבמה ראשון לשחיטה בצפון ראשון לירידת האש שנאמר (ויקרא ט, כד ): "ותצא אש מלפני ה' וגו'".

Bereshit Rabbah 3:9 (Vilna numbering) · cc-by-sa

Notes

The grammatical objection in its sharpest rabbinic form: if the days were being tallied it should read 'one, two, three' or 'first, second, third' — is it proper to say 'one, second, third'? The midrash states the difficulty and then answers something else (the ten crowns of the Tabernacle's first day), leaving the grammar standing as a difficulty. Ambrose, Bruno and Rupert answer the identical objection on the Latin side, and nobody on either side cites anybody.

'First' needs a second

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